Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

Which characteristic best describes sandy soils?

1. Sticky and compacting

2. Smooth and greasy, retaining moisture

3. Gritty with rapid water passage

4. Dense and heavy with low drainage

The correct answer is: Gritty with rapid water passage

Sandy soils are best described as gritty with rapid water passage because of their larger particle size compared to other soil types, such as clay and silt. This distinctive texture allows water to flow through sandy soils quickly, leading to good drainage. The spaces between the larger particles do not hold onto water effectively, which can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the specific plant requirements and growing conditions. In contrast, sticky and compacting soils are more characteristic of clay soil, which has smaller particles and retains water due to its compact nature. Smooth and greasy soil properties relate more to silty soils that have a finer texture and can retain moisture better than sandy soils. Dense and heavy soils, typically found in clay, are less conducive to rapid drainage and often retain water poorly, which is not true for sandy soils. Thus, the accurate description of sandy soils emphasizes their gritty texture and quick-water passage characteristics.