Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

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What does a dihybrid cross involve?

A cross using one trait
A cross involving dominant traits only
A cross using two traits
A cross between heterozygous organisms

The correct answer is: A cross using two traits

A dihybrid cross specifically involves the examination and analysis of two different traits simultaneously. This type of genetic cross is designed to observe how alleles for these two traits segregate and assort independently into gametes. Each trait is typically represented by two alleles, leading to the formation of a 16-square Punnett square when the two traits are combined. This allows for the determination of the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring resulting from the combination of the parental organisms. In the context of genetics, conducting a dihybrid cross is crucial for studying inheritance patterns as it adheres to Mendel’s law of independent assortment. This law states that the segregation of alleles for one trait occurs independently of the segregation of alleles for another trait. By focusing on two traits, a dihybrid cross can provide insights into how traits interact and can vary independently across generations.